Wi-Fi 802.11 WLAN

802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ax/p · CSMA/CA · MIMO · OFDM / HE

Design, model, and simulate Wi-Fi networks with Access Points and Wireless Nodes. A drag-and-drop GUI builds the network, and a unified dashboard presents throughput, delay, jitter, error, and TCP results for analysis.

802.11ax 802.11ac (MIMO 8×8) MPDU aggregation 802.11e EDCA QoS Minstrel rate control
NetSim · WLAN scenario
A WLAN scenario in NetSim with access points and wireless nodes

What you can do with it

Build an 802.11 network, model the full MAC and PHY, and analyse the results in one place.

Design Wi-Fi networks

Drag-and-drop Access Points and Wireless Nodes (STA), then set properties with a right click.

Model the full stack

MAC (CSMA/CA, aggregation, EDCA QoS) and PHY (a/b/g/n/ac/ax/p) with rate adaptation.

Unified results dashboard

Application and link throughputs, buffer occupancy, TCP congestion windows, delay, jitter, and errors.

Wireshark & CLI

Export traffic to Wireshark and run batch simulations from the CLI with XML configuration files.

MAC layer

CSMA/CA channel access with rate adaptation, aggregation, and quality of service.

Rate control

Rate adaptation & MCS

  • Rate adaptation: Minstrel, Generic
  • MCS selection: Auto rate fallback, Fixed
Access

CSMA/CA

  • RTS / CTS exchange
  • DIFS, backoff and collisions
  • SIFS and ACK
Modes

Infrastructure

  • BSS mode
  • DCF mode
Throughput & QoS

Aggregation & QoS

  • MPDU aggregation in 802.11n and 802.11ac
  • IEEE 802.11e quality of service based on EDCA

PHY layer

Supported 802.11 amendments with their frequency, bandwidth, modulation, and peak data rate.

Standard Frequency Bandwidth Modulation Max data rate
802.11a 5 GHz 20 MHz OFDM Up to 54 Mbps
802.11b 2.4 GHz 20 MHz DSSS Up to 11 Mbps
802.11g 2.4 GHz 20 MHz OFDM Up to 54 Mbps
802.11n (MIMO 4×4) 2.4 and 5 GHz 20 and 40 MHz HT Up to 600 Mbps
802.11ac (MIMO 8×8) 5 GHz 20, 40, 80 and 160 MHz VHT Up to 6.933 Gbps
802.11p 5.9 GHz 5, 10, 20 MHz OFDM Up to 54 Mbps
802.11ax 2.4 and 5 GHz 20, 40, 80, 160 MHz HE Up to 9.6 Gbps

SNR / BER / PER calculation procedure

How NetSim turns transmit power and channel conditions into per-packet error behaviour, computed for every packet over a time-varying channel.

1

Received Signal Strength (RSS)

RSS = Transmit Power − RF Propagation Losses

  • RF propagation losses include path loss, fading, and shadowing
2

Interference

Consider all co-channel transmissions occurring simultaneously:

  • Use propagation models to compute powers of all interfering signals
  • Account for interfering transmitters at various locations
3

SINR

SINR = RSS / (Interference + Noise)

4

Bit Error Rate (BER)

Look up SINR-BER curves for the given Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS).

5

Packet Error Probability (PEP)

Derive PEP from the calculated BER.

6

Rate-error abstraction for PHY transmission

Using the calculated rate and PEP, NetSim abstracts packet transmission and reception over the air:

  • Computations are performed for each packet, since channel conditions can be time-varying
  • All radio parameters are logged to a CSV file per packet transmission, for detailed analysis

Propagation models

Path loss, fading, and shadowing models for the wireless channel.

Path loss

Path loss models

  • File based
  • Range based
  • Log distance
  • Friis free space
  • HATA Urban / Suburban
  • Indoor Office
  • Indoor Home
  • COST 231 HATA Urban / Suburban
Fading

Fading models

  • Rayleigh
  • Nakagami
  • Rician
Shadowing

Shadowing models

  • Lognormal
  • Constant

Traffic, applications, and control

Generate application traffic, extend with custom models and C source, and drive runs from the command line.

Traffic

Application traffic generator

  • FTP, Database, Voice, Video, Email, HTTP
  • Peer to Peer, CBR, Gaming
  • Custom model: define an application by packet size and inter-arrival time from the available probability distributions
Extensibility & CLI

Source code & command line

  • Protocol source C code included
  • CLI mode for concise, powerful control
  • Automated scripts for batch simulations
  • Network configurations via XML configuration files

Results and analysis

A unified dashboard, per-packet radio logs, and Wireshark packet capture.

Metrics

Network to application

Network, link, application, and protocol-specific metrics, plus forwarding tables.

Detail

Packets & protocols

Throughputs, delays, data and control packet information, and protocol-specific results.

Plots

Time-series plots

Link and application throughput and TCP congestion window over time.

Radio measurements log for a WLAN simulation

Per-packet radio measurements log.

NetSim results dashboard with metrics and graphical plots

The unified results dashboard.

Wireshark packet capture of WLAN traffic

WLAN traffic in a Wireshark packet capture.

Unsupported features and limitations

What the current WLAN library does not model.

  • Association, probing, beaconing
  • MSDU aggregation
  • Directional antennas
  • Beamforming
  • PLCP preamble reception

Documentation, examples, and support to take a Wi-Fi project further.