• Effect of distance on pathloss for different channel models
Effect of distance on pathloss for different channel models

Open NetSim, Select Examples ->5G NR ->Distance vs Pathloss then click on the tile in the middle panel to load the example as shown in below screenshot

Graphical user interface, application Description automatically generated

Figure 4‑14: List of scenarios for the example of Distance vs Pathloss

The following network diagram illustrates, what the NetSim UI displays when you open the example configuration file.

Figure 4‑15: Network set up for studying the Distance vs Pathloss

Rural-Macro:#

Line-of-Sight (LOS)#

Settings done in example config file

  1. Set distance between gNB_7 and UE_8 as 30m.

  2. Go to gNB properties à Interface (5G_RAN) à PHYSICAL_LAYER.

Properties
CA Type INTER_BAND_CA
CA Configuration CA_2DL_1UL_n39_n41
Pathloss Model 3GPPTR38.901-7.4.1
Outdoor_Scenario RURAL_MACRO
LOS_NLOS_Selection USER_DEFINED
LOS_Probabillity 1
Shadow Fading Model None
Fading _and_Beamforming NO_FADING_MIMO_UNIT_GAIN
O2I Building Penetration Model None

Table 4‑1: gNB >Interface (5G_RAN) >Physical layer properties

  1. CBR application source id as 10 and destination id as 8 with packet size as 1460Bytes and Inter_Arrival_time as 20000μs (Generation Rate=0.584). Transport Protocol is set to UDP. Additionally, the “Start Time(s)” parameter is set to 1s, while configuring the application.

  2. Set UE height as 10m.

  3. Set other properties to default.

  4. Plots are enabled in NetSim GUI.

  5. The log file can enable per the information provided in Section 3.18.

  6. Run Simulation for 20s, after the simulation completes Go to metrics window expand Log Files option and open LTE Radio Measurement Log.csv and note down the Pathloss.

Figure 4‑16: Results window

Graphical user interface, application, table, Excel Description automatically generated

Figure 4‑17: LTE Radio Measurement Log.csv

Go back to the scenario and change the distance between gNB and UE as 30, 50, 70, 100, 300, 500, 700, and 1000 and note down Pathloss value from the log file.

Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS)#

Settings done in example config file

  1. Set distance between gNB_7 and UE_8 as 30m.

  2. Go to gNB properties à Interface (5G_RAN) à PHYSICAL_LAYER.

Properties
CA Type INTER_BAND_CA
CA Configuration CA_2DL_1UL_n39_n41
Pathloss Model 3GPPTR38.901-7.4.1
Outdoor_Scenario RURAL_MACRO
LOS_NLOS_Selection USER_DEFINED
LOS_Probabillity 0
Shadow Fading Model None
Fading _and_Beamforming NO_FADING_MIMO_UNIT_GAIN
O2I Building Penetration Model None

Table 4‑2: gNB >Interface (5G_RAN) >Physical layer properties

  1. Set all other properties same as LOS example.

  2. Plots are enabled in NetSim GUI.

  3. The log file can enable per the information provided in Section 3.18.

  4. Run Simulation for 20s, after the simulation completes Go to metrics window expand Log Files option and open ltenr.log file. Note down the Pathloss.

Go back to the scenario and change the distance between gNB and UE as 30, 50, 70, 100, 300, 500, 700, and 1000 and note down Pathloss value from the log file.

Result:#

Distance(m) LOS Pathloss(dB) NLOS pathloss (dB)
CA 0 CA 1 Avg CA 0 CA 1 Avg
30 67.60 70.30 68.95 69.03 71.73 70.38
50 72.17 74.87 73.52 77.97 80.67 79.32
70 75.19 77.89 76.54 83.86 86.56 85.21
100 78.41 81.11 79.76 90.11 92.81 91.46
300 88.46 91.16 89.81 109.35 112.05 110.70
500 93.28 95.98 94.63 118.29 120.99 119.64
700 96.55 99.25 97.90 124.18 126.88 125.53
1000 100.14 102.84 101.49 130.43 133.13 131.78

Table 4‑3: Results Comparison for LOS and NLOS pathloss vs. Distance

Figure 4‑18: Plot of Distance vs. Avg Pathloss

Urban-Macro:#

Line-of-Sight (LOS)#

Settings done in example config file

  1. Set distance between gNB_7 and UE_8 as 30m.

  2. Go to gNB properties à Interface (5G_RAN) à PHYSICAL_LAYER

Properties
CA Type INTER_BAND_CA
CA Configuration CA_2DL_1UL_n39_n41
Pathloss Model 3GPPTR38.901-7.4.1
Outdoor_Scenario URBAN_MACRO
LOS_NLOS_Selection USER_DEFINED
LOS_Probabillity 1
Shadow Fading Model None
Fading _and_Beamforming NO_FADING_MIMO_UNIT_GAIN
O2I Building Penetration Model None

Table 4‑4: gNB >Interface (5G_RAN) >Physical layer properties

  1. CBR application source id as 10 and destination id as 8 with packet size as 1460Bytes and Inter_Arrival_time as 20000μs (Generation Rate=0.584). Transport Protocol is set to UDP. Additionally, the “Start Time(s)” parameter is set to 1s, while configuring the application.

  2. Set UE height as 10m.

  3. Set other properties to default.

  4. Plots are enabled in NetSim GUI.

  5. The log file can enable per the information provided in Section 3.18.

  6. Run Simulation for 20s, after the simulation completes Go to metrics window expand Log Files option and open LTE Radio Measurement Log.csv and note down the pathloss.

Figure 4‑19: Result window

Figure 4‑20: LTE Radio Measurement Log.csv

Go back to the scenario and change the distance between gNB and UE as 30, 50, 70, 100, 300, 500, 700, and 1000 and note down Pathloss value from the log file.

Note: The minimum distance for rural macro and urban macro is 35m. Below 35m, the 2D and 3D distance will be 10m in ltenr log file.

Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS)#

Settings done in example config file

  1. Set distance between gNB_7 and UE_8 as 30m.

  2. Go to gNB properties à Interface (5G_RAN) à PHYSICAL_LAYER

Properties
CA Type INTER_BAND_CA
CA Configuration CA_2DL_1UL_n39_n41
Pathloss Model 3GPPTR38.901-7.4.1
Outdoor_Scenario URBAN_MACRO
LOS_NLOS_Selection USER_DEFINED
LOS_Probabillity 0
Shadow Fading Model None
Fading _and_Beamforming NO_FADING_MIMO_UNIT_GAIN
O2I Building Penetration Model None

Table 4‑5: gNB >Interface (5G_RAN) >Physical layer properties

  1. Set all other properties same as LOS example.

  2. Plots are enabled in NetSim GUI.

  3. The log file can enable per the information provided in Section 3.18

  4. Run Simulation for 20s, after the simulation completes Go to metrics window expand Log Files option and open ltenr.log file. Note down the Pathloss.

Go back to the scenario and change the distance between gNB and UE as 30, 50, 70, 100, 300, 500, 700, and 1000 and note down Pathloss value from the log file.

Result:#

Distance(m) LOS Pathloss(dB) NLOS pathloss (dB)
CA 0 CA 1 Avg CA 0 CA 1 Avg
30 66.07 68.77 67.42 71.74 74.44 73.09
50 70.95 73.65 72.30 80.41 83.11 81.76
70 74.16 76.86 75.51 86.12 88.82 87.47
100 77.57 80.27 78.92 92.17 94.87 93.52
300 88.07 90.77 89.42 110.82 113.52 112.17
500 92.95 95.65 94.30 119.49 122.19 120.84
700 96.16 98.86 97.51 125.20 127.90 126.55
1000 99.57 102.27 100.92 131.25 133.95 132.60

Table 4‑6: Results Comparison for LOS and NLOS pathloss vs. Distance

Figure 4‑21: Plot of Distance vs. Avg Pathloss

Urban-Micro:#

Line-of-Sight (LOS)#

Settings done in example config file

  1. Set distance between gNB_7 and UE_8 as 30m.

  2. Go to gNB properties à Interface (5G_RAN) à PHYSICAL_LAYER

Properties
CA Type INTER_BAND_CA
CA Configuration CA_2DL_1UL_n39_n41
Pathloss Model 3GPPTR38.901-7.4.1
Outdoor_Scenario URBAN_MICRO
LOS_NLOS_Selection USER_DEFINED
LOS_Probabillity 1
Shadow Fading Model None
Fading _and_Beamforming NO_FADING_MIMO_UNIT_GAIN
O2I Building Penetration Model None

Table 4‑7: gNB >Interface (5G_RAN) >Physical layer properties

  1. CBR application source id as 10 and destination id as 8 with packet size as 1460Bytes and Inter_Arrival_time as 20000μs (Generation Rate=0.584). Transport Protocol is set to UDP. Additionally, the “Start Time(s)” parameter is set to 1s, while configuring the application.

  2. Set UE height as 10m.

  3. Set other properties to default.

  4. Plots are enabled in NetSim GUI.

  5. The log file can enable per the information provided in Section 3.18.

  6. Run Simulation for 20s, after the simulation completes Go to metrics window expand Log Files option and open LTE Radio Measurement Log.csv and note down the Pathloss.

Graphical user interface, application, table Description automatically generated

Figure 4‑22: Result window

Graphical user interface, application, table, Excel Description automatically generated

Figure 4‑23: LTENR Radio Measurement.csv

Go back to the scenario and change the distance between gNB and UE as 30, 50, 70, 100, 300, 500, 700, and 1000 and note down Pathloss value from the log file.

Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS)#

Settings done in example config file

  1. Set distance between gNB_7 and UE_8 as 30m.

  2. Go to gNB properties à Interface (5G_RAN) à PHYSICAL_LAYER.

Properties
CA Type INTER_BAND_CA
CA Configuration CA_2DL_1UL_n39_n41
Pathloss Model 3GPPTR38.901-7.4.1
Outdoor_Scenario URBAN_MICRO
LOS_NLOS_Selection USER_DEFINED
LOS_Probabillity 0
Shadow Fading Model None
Fading _and_Beamforming NO_FADING_MIMO_UNIT_GAIN
O2I Building Penetration Model None

Table 4‑8: gNB >Interface (5G_RAN) >Physical layer properties

  1. Set all other properties same as LOS example.

  2. Plots are enabled in NetSim GUI.

  3. The log file can enable per the information provided in Section 3.18.

  4. Run Simulation for 20s, after the simulation completes Go to metrics window expand Log Files option and open ltenr.log file. Note down the Pathloss.

Go back to the scenario and change the distance between gNB and UE as 30, 50, 70, 100, 300, 500, 700, and 1000 and note down Pathloss value from the log file.

Result:#

Distance(m) LOS Pathloss (dB) NLOS pathloss (dB)
CA 0 CA 1 Avg CA 0 CA 1 Avg
30 68.99 71.69 70.34 77.92 80.80 79.36
50 73.65 76.35 75.00 85.76 88.63 87.195
70 76.72 79.42 78.07 90.91 93.79 92.35
100 79.97 82.67 81.32 96.38 99.26 97.82
300 89.99 92.69 91.34 113.22 116.10 114.66
500 94.65 97.35 96.00 121.06 123.93 122.495
700 97.72 100.42 99.07 126.21 129.09 127.65
1000 100.97 103.67 102.32 131.68 134.56 133.12

Table 4‑9: Results Comparison for LOS and NLOS pathloss vs. Distance

Figure 4‑24: Plot of Distance vs. Avg Pathloss

Indoor-Office:#

The following network diagram illustrates, what the NetSim UI displays when you open the example configuration file.

Figure 4‑25: Network Topology for this experiment

Line-of-Sight (LOS)#

Settings done in example config file

  1. Drop the building and drop gNB and UE inside the building.

  2. Set distance between gNB_7 and UE_8 as 10m.

  3. Go to gNB properties à Interface (5G_RAN) à PHYSICAL_LAYER.

Properties
CA Type INTER_BAND_CA
CA Configuration CA_2DL_1UL_n39_n41
Pathloss Model 3GPPTR38.901-7.4.1
Outdoor_Scenario RURAL_MACRO
LOS_NLOS_Selection USER_DEFINED
LOS_Probabillity 1
Indoor Scenario INDOOR_OFFICE
Shadow Fading Model None
Fading _and_Beamforming NO_FADING_MIMO_UNIT_GAIN
O2I Building Penetration Model None

Table 4‑10: gNB >Interface (5G_RAN) >Physical layer properties

  1. CBR application source id as 10 and destination id as 8 with packet size as 1460Bytes and Inter_Arrival_time as 20000μs (Generation Rate=0.584). Transport Protocol is set to UDP. Additionally, the “Start Time(s)” parameter is set to 1s, while configuring the application.

  2. Set UE height as 10m.

  3. Set other properties to default.

  4. Plots are enabled in NetSim GUI.

  5. The log file can enable per the information provided in Section 3.18.

  6. Run Simulation for 20s, after the simulation completes Go to metrics window expand Log Files option and open LTE Radio Measurement Log.csv and note down the Pathloss.

Figure 4‑26: Results Window

Figure 4‑27: LTENR Log file

Go back to the scenario and change the distance between gNB and UE as 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 and note down Pathloss value from the log file.

Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS)#

Settings done in example config file

  1. Drop the building and drop gNB and UE inside the building.

  2. Set distance between gNB_7 and UE_8 as 10m.

  3. Go to gNB properties à Interface (5G_RAN) à PHYSICAL_LAYER.

Properties
CA Type INTER_BAND_CA
CA Configuration CA_2DL_1UL_n39_n41
Pathloss Model 3GPPTR38.901-7.4.1
Outdoor_Scenario RURAL_MACRO
LOS_NLOS_Selection USER_DEFINED
LOS_Probabillity 0
Indoor Scenario INDOOR_OFFICE
Shadow Fading Model None
Fading _and_Beamforming NO_FADING_MIMO_UNIT_GAIN
O2I Building Penetration Model None

Table 4‑11: gNB >Interface (5G_RAN) >Physical layer properties

  1. Set all other properties same as LOS example.

  2. Plots are enabled in NetSim GUI.

  3. The log file can enable per the information provided in Section > 3.18.

  4. Run Simulation for 20s, after the simulation completes Go to metrics > window expand Log Files option and open ltenr.log file. Note down > the Pathloss.

Go back to the scenario and change the distance between gNB and UE as 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 and note down pathloss values from the log file.

Result:#

Distance(m) LOS Pathloss (dB) NLOS pathloss (dB)
CA 0 CA 1 Avg CA 0 CA 1 Avg
10 55.27 57.97 56.62 62.54 65.90 64.22
20 60.48 63.18 61.83 74.07 77.43 75.75
30 63.52 66.23 64.875 80.81 84.17 82.49
40 65.69 68.39 67.04 85.59 88.96 87.27
50 67.36 70.06 68.71 89.31 92.67 90.99
60 68.73 71.43 70.08 92.34 95.70 94.02
70 69.89 72.59 71.24 94.90 98.27 96.58
80 70.89 73.59 72.24 97.12 100.49 98.80
90 71.78 74.48 73.13 99.08 102.45 100.76
100 72.57 75.27 73.92 100.84 104.20 102.52

Table 4‑12: Results Comparison for LOS and NLOS pathloss vs. Distance

Figure 4‑28: Plot of Distance vs. Avg Pathloss